安装

支持各种平台，安装方式可以参考官方文档 https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/

脚本安装

Linux 系统最简单的方法是通过脚本安装

脚本地址：https://get.docker.com ，可以通过 DRY_RUN=1 查看脚本步骤。脚本需要 root 权限执行。

root@instance-20220119-1135:~# curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
root@instance-20220119-1135:~# DRY_RUN=1 sh ./get-docker.sh
# Executing docker install script, commit: 93d2499759296ac1f9c510605fef85052a2c32be
apt-get update -qq >/dev/null
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl >/dev/null
curl -fsSL "https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg" | gpg --dearmor --yes -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
apt-get update -qq >/dev/null
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends  docker-ce-cli docker-scan-plugin docker-ce >/dev/null
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq docker-ce-rootless-extras >/dev/null
root@instance-20220119-1135:~# sh get-docker.sh 

安装完成

Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.12
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.12
 Git commit:        e91ed57
 Built:             Mon Dec 13 11:45:33 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.12
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.12
  Git commit:       459d0df
  Built:            Mon Dec 13 11:43:42 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

================================================================================

To run Docker as a non-privileged user, consider setting up the
Docker daemon in rootless mode for your user:

    dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh install

Visit https://docs.docker.com/go/rootless/ to learn about rootless mode.


To run the Docker daemon as a fully privileged service, but granting non-root
users access, refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/daemon-access/

WARNING: Access to the remote API on a privileged Docker daemon is equivalent
         to root access on the host. Refer to the 'Docker daemon attack surface'
         documentation for details: https://docs.docker.com/go/attack-surface/

================================================================================

Ubuntu 安装

卸载老版本的 docker

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

更新和安装依赖包

 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release

添加 docker 的 GPG key

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

设置稳定版的仓库

 echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

安装

 sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

文件系统

默认情况下 docker 相关的文件存放在 /var/lib/docker 目录下，与 container 相关的文件存放在 containers 文件夹，与 image 相关的文件存放在 image 文件夹，与 volume 相关的文件存放在 volumes 文件夹